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The University of Wisconsin–Madison (also known as University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, "UW", or regionally as, UW–Madison, or simply Madison) is a public research university located in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. Founded when Wisconsin achieved statehood in 1848, UW–Madison is the official state university of Wisconsin, and the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System. It was the first public university established in Wisconsin and remains the oldest and largest public university in the state. It became a land-grant institution in 1866.〔(The Wisconsin Idea )〕 The main campus includes four National Historic Landmarks.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = National Park Service )〕 UW–Madison is organized into 20 schools and colleges, which enrolled 29,302 undergraduate, 9,445 graduate, and 2,459 professional students and granted 6,659 bachelor's, 3,493 graduate and professional degrees in 2013-2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = University of Wisconsin–Madison )〕 The University employs over 21,796 faculty and staff.〔 Its comprehensive academic program offers 136 undergraduate majors, along with 148 master's degree programs and 120 doctoral programs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = University of Wisconsin )〕 The UW is one of America's Public Ivy universities, which refers to top universities in the United States capable of providing a collegiate experience comparable with the Ivy League. UW–Madison is also categorized as an RU/VH Research University (very high research activity) in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching )〕 In 2012, it had research expenditures of more than $1.1 billion, the third highest among universities in the country.〔Ronda Britt. "(Higher Education R&D Expenditures Remain Flat in FY 2012 )". National Science Foundation Report NSF 14-303, November 2013.〕 Wisconsin is a founding member of the Association of American Universities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Association of American Universities ) The University of Wisconsin-Madison is known as a "public Ivy," well regarded as the only one in the Big Ten.〕 The Wisconsin Badgers compete in 25 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA's Division I Big Ten Conference and have won 28 national championships. ==History== The university had its official beginnings when the Wisconsin Territorial Legislature in its 1838 session passed a law incorporating a "University of the Territory of Wisconsin", and a high-ranking Board of Visitors was appointed. However, this body (the predecessor of the U.W. board of regents) never actually accomplished anything before Wisconsin was incorporated as a state in 1848.〔(Heg, J. E., ed. "Wisconsin and her institutions: University of Wisconsin: History" in ''The blue book of the state of Wisconsin 1883'' Madison, 1883; p. 393 )〕 The Wisconsin Constitution provided for "the establishment of a state university, at or near the seat of state government..." and directed by the state legislature to be governed by a board of regents and administered by a Chancellor. On July 26, 1846, Nelson Dewey, Wisconsin's first governor, signed the act that formally created the University of Wisconsin. John H. Lathrop became the university's first chancellor, in the fall of 1849.〔Arthur Hove. ''The University of Wisconsin: A Pictorial History''. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991.〕 With John W. Sterling as the university's first professor (mathematics), the first class of 17 students met at Madison Female Academy on February 5, 1849. A permanent campus site was soon selected: an area of "bounded north by Fourth lake, east by a street to be opened at right angles with King street," (State Street ) "south by Mineral Point Road (University Avenue), and west by a carriage-way from said road to the lake." The regents' building plans called for a "main edifice fronting towards the Capitol, three stories high, surmounted by an observatory for astronomical observations."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Thwaites, Reuben Gold. "The University of Wisconsin; its history and its alumni, with historical and descriptive sketches of Madison," Madison: J.N. Purcell, 1900; Chap. 3 )〕 This building, University Hall, now known as Bascom Hall, was finally completed in 1859. On October 10, 1916, a fire destroyed the building's dome, which was never replaced. North Hall, constructed in 1851, was actually the first building on campus. In 1854, Levi Booth and Charles T. Wakeley became the first graduates of the university, and in 1892 the university awarded its first PhD to future university president Charles R. Van Hise.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=University of Wisconsin–Madison, "Past Presidents and Chancellors" )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「University of Wisconsin–Madison」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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